Katerina Akassoglou, PhD

Professor In Residence
Neurology
+1 415 734-2512

Dr. Akassoglou has pioneered studies in the investigation of neurovascular and neuroimmune mechanisms in neurologic diseases, and in particular the role of the blood clotting factors in CNS autoimmunity, trauma, and neurodegeneration. Her aim is to understand the mechanisms that control the communication between the brain, immune and vascular systems with the ultimate goal to design novel therapies for neurologic diseases—and in particular, multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases.

Dr. Akassoglou identified blood clotting factors as major mediators of neurologic disease. She made the unanticipated discovery that the blood clotting factor fibrinogen is a key activator of microglia in the CNS. She developed novel imaging tools to study the neurovascular interface and therapeutic strategies to protect from neuroimmune diseases by blocking the damaging effects of blood factors in the brain without affecting their beneficial effects in blood clotting. Dr. Akassoglou takes a multifaceted approach to her research, incorporating animal modeling, in vivo two-photon microscopy, drug discovery, preclinical translational research, and biomarker studies. Dr. Akassoglou has published over 100 papers in peer-reviewed journals and she is active in several national and international organizations, editorial boards, and funding agencies.

Akassoglou has received several awards, including the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, the highest honor bestowed by the US government on outstanding scientists and engineers beginning their independent careers. She has also been presented with the John J. Abel Award, the Dana Foundation for Brain and Immunoimaging Award, the Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise honor, The Marilyn Hilton Award for Innovation in Multiple Sclerosis Research, the EUREKA and R35 Research Program Award by NINDS, the Barancik Prize for Innovation in MS Research and the ISFP Prize. She was elected Lifetime fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences (AAAS) and fellow of the National Academy of Inventors (NAI).

Dr. Akassoglou earned a BSc degree in biology and a PhD in neurobiology at the University of Athens, Greece. She was trained in neuropathology at the University of Vienna before performing her postdoctoral work at the Rockefeller University, and New York University. She started her laboratory as an Assistant Professor at the Department of Pharmacology at the University of California, San Diego where she was promoted to Associate Professor with tenure. She is now a Senior Investigator at the Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, and a Professor in the Department of Neurology at the University of California, San Francisco. She is also the founder and Director of the Gladstone Center for In Vivo Imaging Research.

Publications: 

Defining blood-induced microglia functions in neurodegeneration through multiomic profiling.

Nature immunology

Mendiola AS, Yan Z, Dixit K, Johnson JR, Bouhaddou M, Meyer-Franke A, Shin MG, Yong Y, Agrawal A, MacDonald E, Muthukumar G, Pearce C, Arun N, Cabriga B, Meza-Acevedo R, Alzamora MDPS, Zamvil SS, Pico AR, Ryu JK, Krogan NJ, Akassoglou K

Three-Dimensional Imaging of Fibrinogen and Neurovascular Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

Merlini M, Sozmen EG, Subramanian KS, Nana AL, Seeley WW, Akassoglou K

Breaking barriers in postoperative delirium.

British journal of anaesthesia

Terrando N, Akassoglou K

The neuroinflammatory marker sTNFR2 relates to worse cognition and tau in women across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum.

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

Bernier RA, Banks SJ, Panizzon MS, Andrews MJ, Jacobs EG, Galasko DR, Shepherd AL, Akassoglou K, Sundermann EE, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Coagulation and immunity: Caught in the fibrin web.

Immunity

Sozmen EG, Akassoglou K

BMP receptor blockade overcomes extrinsic inhibition of remyelination and restores neurovascular homeostasis.

Brain : a journal of neurology

Petersen MA, Tognatta R, Meyer-Franke A, Bushong EA, Mendiola AS, Yan Z, Muthusamy A, Merlini M, Meza-Acevedo R, Cabriga B, Zhou Y, Thomas R, Ryu JK, Lassmann H, Ellisman MH, Akassoglou K

In vivo functions of p75NTR: challenges and opportunities for an emerging therapeutic target.

Trends in pharmacological sciences

Malik SC, Sozmen EG, Baeza-Raja B, Le Moan N, Akassoglou K, Schachtrup C

Blood Coagulation Factor Fibrinogen in Tumor Pathogenesis of Central Nervous System B-Cell Lymphoma.

The American journal of pathology

Chan JP, Merlini M, Gao HX, Mendiola AS, Akassoglou K, Rubenstein JL, Ryu JK

Microglial Gi-dependent dynamics regulate brain network hyperexcitability.

Nature neuroscience

Merlini M, Rafalski VA, Ma K, Kim KY, Bushong EA, Rios Coronado PE, Yan Z, Mendiola AS, Sozmen EG, Ryu JK, Haberl MG, Madany M, Sampson DN, Petersen MA, Bardehle S, Tognatta R, Dean T, Acevedo RM, Cabriga B, Thomas R, Coughlin SR, Ellisman MH, Palop JJ, Akassoglou K

Transcriptional profiling and therapeutic targeting of oxidative stress in neuroinflammation.

Nature immunology

Mendiola AS, Ryu JK, Bardehle S, Meyer-Franke A, Ang KK, Wilson C, Baeten KM, Hanspers K, Merlini M, Thomas S, Petersen MA, Williams A, Thomas R, Rafalski VA, Meza-Acevedo R, Tognatta R, Yan Z, Pfaff SJ, Machado MR, Bedard C, Rios Coronado PE, Jiang X, Wang J, Pleiss MA, Green AJ, Zamvil SS, Pico AR, Bruneau BG, Arkin MR, Akassoglou K

Fibrinogen induces neural stem cell differentiation into astrocytes in the subventricular zone via BMP signaling.

Nature communications

Pous L, Deshpande SS, Nath S, Mezey S, Malik SC, Schildge S, Bohrer C, Topp K, Pfeifer D, Fernández-Klett F, Doostkam S, Galanakis DK, Taylor V, Akassoglou K, Schachtrup C

Imaging the dynamic interactions between immune cells and the neurovascular interface in the spinal cord.

Experimental neurology

Borjini N, Paouri E, Tognatta R, Akassoglou K, Davalos D

Extracellular vesicle fibrinogen induces encephalitogenic CD8+ T cells in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Willis CM, Nicaise AM, Menoret A, Ryu JK, Mendiola AS, Jellison ER, Givogri MI, Han DK, Bongarzone ER, Akassoglou K, Vella AT, Crocker SJ

Fibrinogen Induces Microglia-Mediated Spine Elimination and Cognitive Impairment in an Alzheimer's Disease Model.

Neuron

Merlini M, Rafalski VA, Rios Coronado PE, Gill TM, Ellisman M, Muthukumar G, Subramanian KS, Ryu JK, Syme CA, Davalos D, Seeley WW, Mucke L, Nelson RB, Akassoglou K

Maresin 1 attenuates neuroinflammation in a mouse model of perioperative neurocognitive disorders.

British journal of anaesthesia

Yang T, Xu G, Newton PT, Chagin AS, Mkrtchian S, Carlström M, Zhang XM, Harris RA, Cooter M, Berger M, Maddipati KR, Akassoglou K, Terrando N

Fibrin-targeting immunotherapy protects against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.

Nature immunology

Ryu JK, Rafalski VA, Meyer-Franke A, Adams RA, Poda SB, Rios Coronado PE, Pedersen LØ, Menon V, Baeten KM, Sikorski SL, Bedard C, Hanspers K, Bardehle S, Mendiola AS, Davalos D, Machado MR, Chan JP, Plastira I, Petersen MA, Pfaff SJ, Ang KK, Hallenbeck KK, Syme C, Hakozaki H, Ellisman MH, Swanson RA, Zamvil SS, Arkin MR, Zorn SH, Pico AR, Mucke L, Freedman SB, Stavenhagen JB, Nelson RB, Akassoglou K

Pericytes: The Brain's Very First Responders?

Neuron

Rafalski VA, Merlini M, Akassoglou K

Differential effects of partial and complete loss of TREM2 on microglial injury response and tauopathy.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Sayed FA, Telpoukhovskaia M, Kodama L, Li Y, Zhou Y, Le D, Hauduc A, Ludwig C, Gao F, Clelland C, Zhan L, Cooper YA, Davalos D, Akassoglou K, Coppola G, Gan L

Retrograde Degenerative Signaling Mediated by the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Requires p150Glued Deacetylation by Axonal HDAC1.

Developmental cell

Pathak A, Stanley EM, Hickman FE, Wallace N, Brewer B, Li D, Gluska S, Perlson E, Fuhrmann S, Akassoglou K, Bronfman F, Casaccia P, Burnette DT, Carter BD

Spatiotemporal distribution of fibrinogen in marmoset and human inflammatory demyelination.

Brain : a journal of neurology

Lee NJ, Ha SK, Sati P, Absinta M, Luciano NJ, Lefeuvre JA, Schindler MK, Leibovitch EC, Ryu JK, Petersen MA, Silva AC, Jacobson S, Akassoglou K, Reich DS

Fibrinogen in neurological diseases: mechanisms, imaging and therapeutics.

Nature reviews. Neuroscience

Petersen MA, Ryu JK, Akassoglou K

In Vivo Imaging of CNS Injury and Disease.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Akassoglou K, Merlini M, Rafalski VA, Real R, Liang L, Jin Y, Dougherty SE, De Paola V, Linden DJ, Misgeld T, Zheng B

Fibrinogen Activates BMP Signaling in Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells and Inhibits Remyelination after Vascular Damage.

Neuron

Petersen MA, Ryu JK, Chang KJ, Etxeberria A, Bardehle S, Mendiola AS, Kamau-Devers W, Fancy SPJ, Thor A, Bushong EA, Baeza-Raja B, Syme CA, Wu MD, Rios Coronado PE, Meyer-Franke A, Yahn S, Pous L, Lee JK, Schachtrup C, Lassmann H, Huang EJ, Han MH, Absinta M, Reich DS, Ellisman MH, Rowitch DH, Chan JR, Akassoglou K

Metabolic control of TH17 and induced Treg cell balance by an epigenetic mechanism.

Nature

Xu T, Stewart KM, Wang X, Liu K, Xie M, Ryu JK, Li K, Ma T, Wang H, Ni L, Zhu S, Cao N, Zhu D, Zhang Y, Akassoglou K, Dong C, Driggers EM, Ding S

Alzheimer disease makes new blood contacts.

Blood

Merlini M, Akassoglou K

Microglial NF?B-TNFa hyperactivation induces obsessive-compulsive behavior in mouse models of progranulin-deficient frontotemporal dementia.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Krabbe G, Minami SS, Etchegaray JI, Taneja P, Djukic B, Davalos D, Le D, Lo I, Zhan L, Reichert MC, Sayed F, Merlini M, Ward ME, Perry DC, Lee SE, Sias A, Parkhurst CN, Gan WB, Akassoglou K, Miller BL, Farese RV, Gan L

Microglial complement receptor 3 regulates brain Aß levels through secreted proteolytic activity.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Czirr E, Castello NA, Mosher KI, Castellano JM, Hinkson IV, Lucin KM, Baeza-Raja B, Ryu JK, Li L, Farina SN, Belichenko NP, Longo FM, Akassoglou K, Britschgi M, Cirrito JR, Wyss-Coray T

Plasminogen Deficiency Delays the Onset and Protects from Demyelination and Paralysis in Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Disease.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Shaw MA, Gao Z, McElhinney KE, Thornton S, Flick MJ, Lane A, Degen JL, Ryu JK, Akassoglou K, Mullins ES

Fractalkine Signaling Attenuates Perivascular Clustering of Microglia and Fibrinogen Leakage during Systemic Inflammation in Mouse Models of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

Mendiola AS, Garza R, Cardona SM, Mythen SA, Lira SA, Akassoglou K, Cardona AE

Finding the 'ubiquitous' threads in infection and autoimmune neuroinflammation.

Nature immunology

Bardehle S, Rafalski V, Akassoglou K

Orthopedic surgery modulates neuropeptides and BDNF expression at the spinal and hippocampal levels.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Zhang MD, Barde S, Yang T, Lei B, Eriksson LI, Mathew JP, Andreska T, Akassoglou K, Harkany T, Hökfelt TG, Terrando N

Neurovascular and Immuno-Imaging: From Mechanisms to Therapies. Proceedings of the Inaugural Symposium.

Frontiers in neuroscience

Akassoglou K, Agalliu D, Chang CJ, Davalos D, Grutzendler J, Hillman EM, Khakh BS, Kleinfeld D, McGavern DB, Nelson SJ, Zlokovic BV

p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Regulates Energy Balance in Obesity.

Cell reports

Baeza-Raja B, Sachs BD, Li P, Christian F, Vagena E, Davalos D, Le Moan N, Ryu JK, Sikorski SL, Chan JP, Scadeng M, Taylor SS, Houslay MD, Baillie GS, Saltiel AR, Olefsky JM, Akassoglou K

Breaking boundaries-coagulation and fibrinolysis at the neurovascular interface.

Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

Bardehle S, Rafalski VA, Akassoglou K

Blood coagulation protein fibrinogen promotes autoimmunity and demyelination via chemokine release and antigen presentation.

Nature communications

Ryu JK, Petersen MA, Murray SG, Baeten KM, Meyer-Franke A, Chan JP, Vagena E, Bedard C, Machado MR, Rios Coronado PE, Prod'homme T, Charo IF, Lassmann H, Degen JL, Zamvil SS, Akassoglou K

Nuclear pore complex remodeling by p75(NTR) cleavage controls TGF-ß signaling and astrocyte functions.

Nature neuroscience

Schachtrup C, Ryu JK, Mammadzada K, Khan AS, Carlton PM, Perez A, Christian F, Le Moan N, Vagena E, Baeza-Raja B, Rafalski V, Chan JP, Nitschke R, Houslay MD, Ellisman MH, Wyss-Coray T, Palop JJ, Akassoglou K

SIRT1 deacetylates ROR?t and enhances Th17 cell generation.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Lim HW, Kang SG, Ryu JK, Schilling B, Fei M, Lee IS, Kehasse A, Shirakawa K, Yokoyama M, Schnölzer M, Kasler HG, Kwon HS, Gibson BW, Sato H, Akassoglou K, Xiao C, Littman DR, Ott M, Verdin E

SIRT1 deacetylates ROR?t and enhances Th17 cell generation.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Lim HW, Kang SG, Ryu JK, Schilling B, Fei M, Lee IS, Kehasse A, Shirakawa K, Yokoyama M, Schnölzer M, Kasler HG, Kwon HS, Gibson BW, Sato H, Akassoglou K, Xiao C, Littman DR, Ott M, Verdin E

Stimulation of the a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor protects against neuroinflammation after tibia fracture and endotoxemia in mice.

Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)

Terrando N, Yang T, Ryu JK, Newton PT, Monaco C, Feldmann M, Ma D, Akassoglou K, Maze M

Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1a in Astrocytes and/or Myeloid Cells Is Not Required for the Development of Autoimmune Demyelinating Disease

eNeuro

Le Moan N, Baeten KM, Rafalski VA, Ryu JK, Rios Coronado PE, Bedard C, Syme C, Davalos D, Akassoglou K

Systemic inflammation regulates microglial responses to tissue damage in vivo.

Glia

Gyoneva S, Davalos D, Biswas D, Swanger SA, Garnier-Amblard E, Loth F, Akassoglou K, Traynelis SF

Early detection of thrombin activity in neuroinflammatory disease.

Annals of neurology

Davalos D, Baeten KM, Whitney MA, Mullins ES, Friedman B, Olson ES, Ryu JK, Smirnoff DS, Petersen MA, Bedard C, Degen JL, Tsien RY, Akassoglou K

p75 neurotrophin receptor is a clock gene that regulates oscillatory components of circadian and metabolic networks.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Baeza-Raja B, Eckel-Mahan K, Zhang L, Vagena E, Tsigelny IF, Sassone-Corsi P, Ptácek LJ, Akassoglou K

Reduced mural cell coverage and impaired vessel integrity after angiogenic stimulation in the Alk1-deficient brain.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology

Chen W, Guo Y, Walker EJ, Shen F, Jun K, Oh SP, Degos V, Lawton MT, Tihan T, Davalos D, Akassoglou K, Nelson J, Pile-Spellman J, Su H, Young WL

Suppression of oxidative stress by ß-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenous histone deacetylase inhibitor.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Shimazu T, Hirschey MD, Newman J, He W, Shirakawa K, Le Moan N, Grueter CA, Lim H, Saunders LR, Stevens RD, Newgard CB, Farese RV, de Cabo R, Ulrich S, Akassoglou K, Verdin E

Whole-organism screening for gluconeogenesis identifies activators of fasting metabolism.

Nature chemical biology

Gut P, Baeza-Raja B, Andersson O, Hasenkamp L, Hsiao J, Hesselson D, Akassoglou K, Verdin E, Hirschey MD, Stainier DY

In vivo imaging of the neurovascular unit in CNS disease.

Intravital

Merlini M, Davalos D, Akassoglou K

Mutant huntingtin impairs immune cell migration in Huntington disease.

The Journal of clinical investigation

Kwan W, Träger U, Davalos D, Chou A, Bouchard J, Andre R, Miller A, Weiss A, Giorgini F, Cheah C, Möller T, Stella N, Akassoglou K, Tabrizi SJ, Muchowski PJ

Glucose homeostasis and p75NTR: the sweet side of neurotrophin receptor signaling.

Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

Baeza-Raja B, Akassoglou K

p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Baeza-Raja B, Li P, Le Moan N, Sachs BD, Schachtrup C, Davalos D, Vagena E, Bridges D, Kim C, Saltiel AR, Olefsky JM, Akassoglou K

p75 (NTR) and hypoxia: a breath of fresh air in neurotrophin receptor signaling.

Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

Le Moan N, Baeza-Raja B, Akassoglou K

Propofol neurotoxicity is mediated by p75 neurotrophin receptor activation.

Anesthesiology

Pearn ML, Hu Y, Niesman IR, Patel HH, Drummond JC, Roth DM, Akassoglou K, Patel PM, Head BP

In vivo imaging of the mouse spinal cord using two-photon microscopy.

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

Davalos D, Akassoglou K

Fibrinogen-induced perivascular microglial clustering is required for the development of axonal damage in neuroinflammation.

Nature communications

Davalos D, Ryu JK, Merlini M, Baeten KM, Le Moan N, Petersen MA, Deerinck TJ, Smirnoff DS, Bedard C, Hakozaki H, Gonias Murray S, Ling JB, Lassmann H, Degen JL, Ellisman MH, Akassoglou K

Resolving postoperative neuroinflammation and cognitive decline.

Annals of neurology

Terrando N, Eriksson LI, Ryu JK, Yang T, Monaco C, Feldmann M, Jonsson Fagerlund M, Charo IF, Akassoglou K, Maze M

Oxygen-dependent cleavage of the p75 neurotrophin receptor triggers stabilization of HIF-1a.

Molecular cell

Le Moan N, Houslay DM, Christian F, Houslay MD, Akassoglou K

Fibrinogen as a key regulator of inflammation in disease.

Seminars in immunopathology

Davalos D, Akassoglou K

Hepatic stellate cells and astrocytes: Stars of scar formation and tissue repair.

Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

Schachtrup C, Le Moan N, Passino MA, Akassoglou K

Chronic optical access through a polished and reinforced thinned skull.

Nature methods

Drew PJ, Shih AY, Driscoll JD, Knutsen PM, Blinder P, Davalos D, Akassoglou K, Tsai PS, Kleinfeld D

Fibrinogen triggers astrocyte scar formation by promoting the availability of active TGF-beta after vascular damage.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Schachtrup C, Ryu JK, Helmrick MJ, Vagena E, Galanakis DK, Degen JL, Margolis RU, Akassoglou K

Fibrinogen signal transduction in the nervous system.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH

Ryu JK, Davalos D, Akassoglou K

Acute vascular disruption and aquaporin 4 loss after stroke.

Stroke

Friedman B, Schachtrup C, Tsai PS, Shih AY, Akassoglou K, Kleinfeld D, Lyden PD

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 is an essential receptor for myelin phagocytosis.

Journal of cell science

Gaultier A, Wu X, Le Moan N, Takimoto S, Mukandala G, Akassoglou K, Campana WM, Gonias SL

p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates agonist-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction.

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

Xu M, Remillard CV, Sachs BD, Makino A, Platoshyn O, Yao W, Dillmann WH, Akassoglou K, Yuan JX

NF-kappaB links innate immunity to the hypoxic response through transcriptional regulation of HIF-1alpha.

Nature

Rius J, Guma M, Schachtrup C, Akassoglou K, Zinkernagel AS, Nizet V, Johnson RS, Haddad GG, Karin M

Stable in vivo imaging of densely populated glia, axons and blood vessels in the mouse spinal cord using two-photon microscopy.

Journal of neuroscience methods

Davalos D, Lee JK, Smith WB, Brinkman B, Ellisman MH, Zheng B, Akassoglou K

Characterization of agonist-induced vasoconstriction in mouse pulmonary artery.

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

Xu M, Platoshyn O, Makino A, Dillmann WH, Akassoglou K, Remillard CV, Yuan JX

Fibrinogen inhibits neurite outgrowth via beta 3 integrin-mediated phosphorylation of the EGF receptor.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Schachtrup C, Lu P, Jones LL, Lee JK, Lu J, Sachs BD, Zheng B, Akassoglou K

p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates tissue fibrosis through inhibition of plasminogen activation via a PDE4/cAMP/PKA pathway.

The Journal of cell biology

Sachs BD, Baillie GS, McCall JR, Passino MA, Schachtrup C, Wallace DA, Dunlop AJ, MacKenzie KF, Klussmann E, Lynch MJ, Sikorski SL, Nuriel T, Tsigelny I, Zhang J, Houslay MD, Chao MV, Akassoglou K

Regulation of hepatic stellate cell differentiation by the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Passino MA, Adams RA, Sikorski SL, Akassoglou K

The fibrin-derived gamma377-395 peptide inhibits microglia activation and suppresses relapsing paralysis in central nervous system autoimmune disease.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Adams RA, Bauer J, Flick MJ, Sikorski SL, Nuriel T, Lassmann H, Degen JL, Akassoglou K

Fibrinogen signal transduction as a mediator and therapeutic target in inflammation: lessons from multiple sclerosis.

Current medicinal chemistry

Adams RA, Schachtrup C, Davalos D, Tsigelny I, Akassoglou K

P2Y2 and TrkA receptors interact with Src family kinase for neuronal differentiation.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications

Arthur DB, Akassoglou K, Insel PA

Inhibition of apoptosis by P2Y2 receptor activation: novel pathways for neuronal survival.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Arthur DB, Georgi S, Akassoglou K, Insel PA

P2Y2 receptor activates nerve growth factor/TrkA signaling to enhance neuronal differentiation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Arthur DB, Akassoglou K, Insel PA

Fibrin mechanisms and functions in nervous system pathology.

Molecular interventions

Adams RA, Passino M, Sachs BD, Nuriel T, Akassoglou K

Fibrin depletion decreases inflammation and delays the onset of demyelination in a tumor necrosis factor transgenic mouse model for multiple sclerosis.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Akassoglou K, Adams RA, Bauer J, Mercado P, Tseveleki V, Lassmann H, Probert L, Strickland S

Brain-specific deletion of neuropathy target esterase/swisscheese results in neurodegeneration.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Akassoglou K, Malester B, Xu J, Tessarollo L, Rosenbluth J, Chao MV

Fibrin is a regulator of Schwann cell migration after sciatic nerve injury in mice.

Neuroscience letters

Akassoglou K, Akpinar P, Murray S, Strickland S

Exclusive tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling by the p75TNF receptor triggers inflammatory ischemia in the CNS of transgenic mice.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Akassoglou K, Douni E, Bauer J, Lassmann H, Kollias G, Probert L

Nervous system pathology: the fibrin perspective.

Biological chemistry

Akassoglou K, Strickland S

Plasmin-dependent and -independent effects of plasminogen activators and inhibitor-1 on ex vivo angiogenesis.

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology

Brodsky S, Chen J, Lee A, Akassoglou K, Norman J, Goligorsky MS

TNFR1 signalling is critical for the development of demyelination and the limitation of T-cell responses during immune-mediated CNS disease.

Brain : a journal of neurology

Probert L, Eugster HP, Akassoglou K, Bauer J, Frei K, Lassmann H, Fontana A

A tumor necrosis factor-induced model of human primary demyelinating diseases develops in immunodeficient mice.

European journal of immunology

Kassiotis G, Bauer J, Akassoglou K, Lassmann H, Kollias G, Probert L

Transgenic models of TNF induced demyelination.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology

Akassoglou K, Bauer J, Kassiotis G, Lassmann H, Kollias G, Probert L

TNF-alpha transgenic and knockout models of CNS inflammation and degeneration.

Journal of neuroimmunology

Probert L, Akassoglou K, Kassiotis G, Pasparakis M, Alexopoulou L, Kollias G

Neurobehavioral alterations in developing transgenic mice expressing TNF-alpha in the brain.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Fiore M, Probert L, Kollias G, Akassoglou K, Alleva E, Aloe L

Dissection of the pathologies induced by transmembrane and wild-type tumor necrosis factor in transgenic mice.

Journal of leukocyte biology

Probert L, Akassoglou K, Alexopoulou L, Douni E, Haralambous S, Hill S, Kassiotis G, Kontoyiannis D, Pasparakis M, Plows D, Kollias G

Spontaneous inflammatory demyelinating disease in transgenic mice showing central nervous system-specific expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Probert L, Akassoglou K, Pasparakis M, Kontogeorgos G, Kollias G

Transgenic and knockout analyses of the role of TNF in immune regulation and disease pathogenesis.

Journal of inflammation

Douni E, Akassoglou K, Alexopoulou L, Georgopoulos S, Haralambous S, Hill S, Kassiotis G, Kontoyiannis D, Pasparakis M, Plows D, Probert L, Kollias G